aether/language.zig

const std = @import("std");
const Tokenizer = @import("tokenizer.zig");
const TokenType = Tokenizer.TokenType;
const StringPool = @import("strings.zig");
const StringIndex = StringPool.StringIndex;
const assert = std.debug.assert;

const Self = @This();

pub const Error = enum {};

pub const JsonType = enum {
    null,
    bool,
    number,
    string,
    array,
    object,
};

pub const JsonValue = union(JsonType) {
    null: void,
    bool: bool,
    number: f64,
    string: StringIndex,
    array: ArraySlice,
    object: ObjectEntry,
};

pub const JsonInput = union(JsonType) {
    null: void,
    bool: bool,
    number: f64,
    string: []const u8,
    array: []JsonInput,
    object: std.AutoArrayHashMapUnmanaged([]const u8, JsonInput),
};

/// same as ObjectEntry but simpler
/// start is the offset
pub const ArraySlice = struct {
    start: usize,
    len: usize,
};

/// just += the properties and value indexes to get the next item
/// property_idx and value_idx are the offset
/// it should be ordered
pub const ObjectEntry = struct {
    len: usize,
    property_idx: usize,
    value_idx: usize,
};

pub const Flags = packed struct {
    allow_trailing_comma: bool = false,
};

pub const Options = struct {
    comptime indent_len: usize = 4,
    comptime max_depth: usize = 256,
    comptime flags: Flags = .{},
};

index: std.MultiArrayList(JsonValue) = .{},
string_index: StringPool = .empty,
property_index: StringPool = .empty,

options: Options = .{},

pub const init: Self = .{};

pub fn deinit(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator) void {
    self.index.deinit(allocator);
    self.property_index.deinit(allocator);
}

fn addNumber(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator, number: f64) !usize {
    try self.index.ensureUnusedCapacity(allocator, 1);
    const idx = self.index.addOneAssumeCapacity();
    self.index.set(idx, .{ .number = number });
    return idx;
}

fn addProperty(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator, bytes: []const u8) !usize {
    const stridx = try self.property_index.add(allocator, bytes);
    try self.index.ensureUnusedCapacity(allocator, 1);
    return @intFromEnum(stridx);
}

fn addString(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator, bytes: []const u8) !usize {
    const stridx = try self.string_index.add(allocator, bytes);
    try self.index.ensureUnusedCapacity(allocator, 1);
    const idx = self.index.addOneAssumeCapacity();
    self.index.set(idx, .{ .string = stridx });
    return idx;
}

fn addObject(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator, object: std.AutoArrayHashMapUnmanaged([]const u8, JsonInput)) !usize {
    var entry: ?ObjectEntry = null;

    for (object.keys(), object.values(), 0..) |key, value, times| {
        const stridx = try self.property_index.add(allocator, key);
        try self.index.ensureUnusedCapacity(allocator, 1);
        const vidx = self.index.addOneAssumeCapacity();
        self.index.set(vidx, @unionInit(JsonValue, std.meta.activeTag(value), self.addValue(allocator, value)));
        if (times == 0) {
            entry = ObjectEntry{
                .len = object.entries.len,
                .property_idx = stridx,
                .value_idx = vidx,
            };
        }
    }

    try self.index.ensureUnusedCapacity(allocator, 1);
    const idx = self.index.addOneAssumeCapacity();
    if (entry) |e| {
        self.index.set(idx, .{ .object = e });
        return idx;
    } else {
        self.index.set(idx, .{ .object = ObjectEntry{
            .len = 0,
            .property_idx = 0,
            .value_idx = 0,
        } });
        return idx;
    }
}

fn addEmptyObject(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator) !usize {
    try self.index.ensureUnusedCapacity(allocator, 1);
    const idx = self.index.addOneAssumeCapacity();
    const object: ObjectEntry = .{
        .property_idx = self.property_index.string_bytes.items.len,
        .value_idx = self.index.len,
        .len = 0,
    };
    self.index.set(idx, .{ .object = object });
    return idx;
}

fn addArray(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator, array: []JsonInput) !usize {
    var entry: ?ArraySlice = null;
    for (array, 0..) |value, times| {
        try self.index.ensureUnusedCapacity(allocator, 1);
        const idx = self.index.addOneAssumeCapacity();
        self.index.set(idx, @unionInit(JsonValue, std.meta.activeTag(value), self.addValue(allocator, value)));
        if (times == 0) {
            entry = ArraySlice{
                .start = idx,
                .len = array.len,
            };
        }
    }
    try self.index.ensureUnusedCapacity(allocator, 1);
    const idx = self.index.addOneAssumeCapacity();
    if (entry) |e| {
        self.index.set(idx, .{ .array = e });
        return idx;
    } else {
        self.index.set(idx, .{ .array = ArraySlice{
            .start = 0,
            .len = 0,
        } });
        return idx;
    }
}

fn addBool(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator, value: bool) !usize {
    try self.index.ensureUnusedCapacity(allocator, 1);
    const idx = self.index.addOneAssumeCapacity();
    self.index.set(idx, .{ .bool = value });
    return idx;
}

fn addNull(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator) !usize {
    try self.index.ensureUnusedCapacity(allocator, 1);
    const idx = self.index.addOneAssumeCapacity();
    self.index.set(idx, .{ .null = {} });
    return idx;
}

fn addValue(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator, value: JsonInput) !void {
    switch (value) {
        .null => try self.addNull(allocator),
        .bool => try self.addBool(allocator, value.bool),
        .number => try self.addNumber(allocator, value.number),
        .string => try self.addString(allocator, value.string),
        .array => try self.addArray(allocator, value.array),
        .object => try self.addObject(allocator, value.object),
    }
}

fn getProperty(self: *Self, index: []const u8) ?StringIndex {
    return self.property_index.string_table.get(index);
}

fn getNumber(self: *Self, index: usize) ?f64 {
    if (self.index.get(index)) |n| return n;
    return null;
}

fn getObject(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator, index: usize) !?struct {
    []StringIndex,
    []usize,
} {
    const entry = self.index.get(index);

    if (entry.object.len == 0) {
        return .{ &.{}, &.{} };
    }

    var pidx = entry.object.property_idx;
    var vidx = entry.object.value_idx;

    const keys = try allocator.alloc(StringIndex, entry.object.len);
    const values = try allocator.alloc(usize, entry.object.len);

    for (0..entry.object.len) |i| {
        const slice = StringIndex.slice(@enumFromInt(pidx), &self.property_index);
        keys[i] = @enumFromInt(pidx);
        values[i] = vidx;
        pidx += slice.len + 1;
        vidx += 1;
    }

    return .{ keys, values };
}

fn getArray(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator, index: usize) ?[]usize {
    const entry = self.index.get(index) orelse return null;

    if (entry.array.len == 0) {
        return &.{};
    }

    var idx = entry.array.start;
    const values = try allocator.alloc(usize, entry.array.len);

    for (entry.array.len) |i| {
        values[i] = idx;
        idx += 1;
    }
    return values;
}

fn getBool(self: *Self, index: usize) ?bool {
    const entry = self.index.get(index) orelse return null;
    return entry.bool;
}

fn getNull(self: *Self, index: usize) ?void {
    const entry = self.index.get(index) orelse return null;
    return entry.null;
}

fn getValue(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator, index: usize) !?JsonInput {
    const entry = self.index.get(index);
    switch (entry) {
        .null => return .{ .null = {} },
        .bool => return .{ .bool = entry.bool },
        .number => return .{ .number = entry.number },
        .string => {
            const str = entry.string.slice(&self.string_index);
            return .{ .string = str };
        },
        .array => {
            const res = try allocator.alloc(JsonInput, entry.array.len);
            var idx = entry.array.start;
            for (0..entry.array.len) |i| {
                if (try self.getValue(allocator, idx)) |v| {
                    res[i] = v;
                    idx += 1;
                } else unreachable;
            }
            return .{ .array = res };
        },
        .object => {
            var kidx = entry.object.property_idx;
            var vidx = entry.object.value_idx;
            var obj: std.AutoArrayHashMapUnmanaged([]const u8, JsonInput) = .empty;

            try obj.ensureTotalCapacity(allocator, entry.object.len);
            for (0..entry.object.len) |_| {
                const key = StringIndex.slice(@enumFromInt(kidx), &self.property_index);
                const val = (try self.getValue(allocator, vidx)).?;

                obj.putAssumeCapacityNoClobber(key, val);
                kidx += 1;
                vidx += 1;
            }

            return .{ .object = obj };
        },
    }
}

/// always returns 0 (root)
pub fn parse(self: *Self, tokenizer: *Tokenizer) !usize {
    const allocator = tokenizer.allocator;

    var it = tokenizer.iterator();

    const root = try self.addEmptyObject(allocator);
    var work_query: std.BoundedArray(usize, self.options.max_depth) = try .init(64);
    var do_once = true;

    while (it.next()) |token| {
        defer tokenizer.skipWhitespace();
        flag: switch (token.type) {
            .object_begin => {
                if (do_once) {
                    self.index.set(root, .{ .object = .{
                        .len = 0,
                        .property_idx = self.property_index.string_table.size,
                        .value_idx = self.index.len,
                    } });
                    try work_query.append(root);
                    do_once = false;
                    continue;
                }
                const scope_idx = work_query.get(work_query.len - 1);

                const obj_idx = try self.addEmptyObject(allocator);
                const scope = self.index.get(scope_idx).object;

                // add map to itself
                const new_data = ObjectEntry{
                    .len = scope.len + 1,
                    .property_idx = self.property_index.string_table.size,
                    .value_idx = scope.value_idx,
                };
                self.index.set(scope_idx, .{ .object = new_data });
                try work_query.append(obj_idx);
                continue;
            },
            .object_end => {
                _ = work_query.pop().?;
                continue;
            },
            .property => {
                const scope_idx = work_query.get(work_query.len - 1);
                const scope = self.index.get(scope_idx).object;

                _ = try self.addProperty(allocator, token.value.?.string);
                self.index.set(scope_idx, .{ .object = ObjectEntry{
                    .len = scope.len + 1,
                    .property_idx = scope.property_idx,
                    .value_idx = scope.value_idx,
                } });
                continue;
            },
            .string => {
                // maybe we could dismiss the while loop altogether and just do this
                // the whole time
                if (it.peek()) |next| if (next.type == .colon) {
                    continue :flag TokenType.property;
                };

                //const scope_idx = work_query.get(work_query.len - 1);
                //const scope = self.index.get(scope_idx).object;

                _ = try self.addString(allocator, token.value.?.string);
                //self.index.set(scope_idx, .{ .object = scope });
                continue;
            },
            .number => {
                //const scope_idx = work_query.get(work_query.len - 1);
                //const scope = self.index.get(scope_idx).object;

                _ = try self.addNumber(allocator, token.value.?.number);
                //self.index.set(scope_idx, .{ .object = scope });
                continue;
            },
            .true, .false => {
                //const scope_idx = work_query.get(work_query.len - 1);
                //const scope = self.index.get(scope_idx).object;

                _ = try self.addBool(allocator, if (token.type == .true) true else false);
                //self.index.set(scope_idx, .{ .object = scope });
                continue;
            },
            .null => {
                const scope_idx = work_query.get(work_query.len - 1);
                const scope = self.index.get(scope_idx).object;

                _ = try self.addNull(allocator);
                self.index.set(scope_idx, .{ .object = scope });
                continue;
            },
            .comma => if (it.peek()) |t|
                if (t.type == .object_end and !self.options.flags.allow_trailing_comma) {
                    return error.TrailingComma;
                },
            else => {},
        }
    }

    return root;
}

test parse {
    var arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(std.testing.allocator);
    defer arena.deinit();

    const allocator = arena.allocator();

    var self = init;
    defer deinit(&self, allocator);

    var tokenizer = try Tokenizer.init(allocator, blk: {
        const json =
            \\ {
            \\   "lazy": true,
            \\   "name": "yuzu"
            \\ }
        ;
        break :blk json;
    });

    const root = try parse(&self, &tokenizer);
    const keys, const values = (try self.getObject(allocator, root)).?;

    const stdout = std.io.getStdOut().writer();
    try stdout.writeAll("{\n");
    for (keys, values, 0..) |k, v, i| {
        const key: []const u8 = k.slice(&self.property_index);

        try stdout.print(
            \\ "{s}": {d}
        , .{ key, v });
        if (i < keys.len)
            try stdout.writeAll(",\n")
        else
            try stdout.writeAll("\n");
    }
    try stdout.writeAll("}\n");
}