Custom error pages

Render `src/app/views/errors.zig` view (`index` action) when an
unexpected error occurs. If the view does not exist, try rendering
`public/404.html`, `public/500.html` (etc.), finally falling back to a
standard basic HTML/JSON response.

demo/public/404.html

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<style>
+div {
+  padding: 15px;
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 50%;
+  left: 50%;
+  -ms-transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);
+  -webkit-transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
+  transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
+  text-align: center;
+}
+</style>
+<div>
+  <img src="/jetzig.png">
+  <h1 style="font-size: 10rem; font-family: sans-serif; color: #f7931e">404</h1>
+</div>

demo/src/app/views/errors.zig

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+const std = @import("std");
+const jetzig = @import("jetzig");
+
+// Generic handler for all errors.
+// Use `jetzig.http.status_codes.get(request.status_code)` to get a value that provides string
+// versions of the error code and message for use in templates.
+pub fn index(request: *jetzig.Request, data: *jetzig.Data) !jetzig.View {
+    var root = try data.object();
+    var error_info = try data.object();
+
+    const status = jetzig.http.status_codes.get(request.status_code);
+
+    try error_info.put("code", data.string(status.getCode()));
+    try error_info.put("message", data.string(status.getMessage()));
+
+    try root.put("error", error_info);
+
+    // Render with the original error status code, or override if preferred.
+    return request.render(request.status_code);
+}

demo/src/app/views/errors/index.zmpl

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<style>
+div {
+  padding: 15px;
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 50%;
+  left: 50%;
+  -ms-transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);
+  -webkit-transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
+  transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
+  text-align: center;
+}
+</style>
+<div>
+  <img src="/jetzig.png" />
+  <h1 style="font-size: 6rem; font-family: sans-serif; color: #f7931e">{{.error.code}}</h1>
+  <h1 style="font-size: 4rem; font-family: sans-serif; color: #39b54a">{{.error.message}}</h1>
+</div>

src/jetzig/http/Headers.zig

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ pub fn getAll(self: Headers, name: []const u8) []const []const u8 {
 }
 
 // Deprecated
-pub fn getFirstValue(self: *Headers, name: []const u8) ?[]const u8 {
+pub fn getFirstValue(self: *const Headers, name: []const u8) ?[]const u8 {
     return self.get(name);
 }
 

src/jetzig/http/Request.zig

@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ pub fn redirect(
 /// * `Accept` header (`application/json` or `text/html`)
 /// * `Content-Type` header (`application/json` or `text/html`)
 /// * Fall back to default: HTML
-pub fn requestFormat(self: *Request) jetzig.http.Request.Format {
+pub fn requestFormat(self: *const Request) jetzig.http.Request.Format {
     return self.extensionFormat() orelse
         self.acceptHeaderFormat() orelse
         self.contentTypeHeaderFormat() orelse
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ pub fn getLayout(self: *Request, route: *jetzig.views.Route) ?[]const u8 {
 
 /// Shortcut for `request.headers.getFirstValue`. Returns the first matching value for a given
 /// header name or `null` if not found. Header names are case-insensitive.
-pub fn getHeader(self: *Request, key: []const u8) ?[]const u8 {
+pub fn getHeader(self: *const Request, key: []const u8) ?[]const u8 {
     return self.headers.getFirstValue(key);
 }
 
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ pub fn mail(self: *Request, name: []const u8, mail_params: jetzig.mail.MailParam
     };
 }
 
-fn extensionFormat(self: *Request) ?jetzig.http.Request.Format {
+fn extensionFormat(self: *const Request) ?jetzig.http.Request.Format {
     const extension = self.path.extension orelse return null;
     if (std.mem.eql(u8, extension, ".html")) {
         return .HTML;
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ fn extensionFormat(self: *Request) ?jetzig.http.Request.Format {
     }
 }
 
-pub fn acceptHeaderFormat(self: *Request) ?jetzig.http.Request.Format {
+pub fn acceptHeaderFormat(self: *const Request) ?jetzig.http.Request.Format {
     const acceptHeader = self.getHeader("Accept");
 
     if (acceptHeader) |item| {
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ pub fn acceptHeaderFormat(self: *Request) ?jetzig.http.Request.Format {
     return null;
 }
 
-pub fn contentTypeHeaderFormat(self: *Request) ?jetzig.http.Request.Format {
+pub fn contentTypeHeaderFormat(self: *const Request) ?jetzig.http.Request.Format {
     const acceptHeader = self.getHeader("content-type");
 
     if (acceptHeader) |item| {
@@ -447,13 +447,15 @@ pub fn fmtMethod(self: *const Request, colorized: bool) []const u8 {
 /// Format a status code appropriately for the current request format.
 /// e.g. `.HTML` => `404 Not Found`
 ///      `.JSON` => `{ "message": "Not Found", "status": "404" }`
-pub fn formatStatus(self: *Request, status_code: jetzig.http.StatusCode) ![]const u8 {
+pub fn formatStatus(self: *const Request, status_code: jetzig.http.StatusCode) ![]const u8 {
     const status = jetzig.http.status_codes.get(status_code);
 
     return switch (self.requestFormat()) {
         .JSON => try std.json.stringifyAlloc(self.allocator, .{
-            .message = status.getMessage(),
+            .@"error" = .{
-            .status = status.getCode(),
+                .message = status.getMessage(),
+                .code = status.getCode(),
+            },
         }, .{}),
         .HTML, .UNKNOWN => status.getFormatted(.{ .linebreak = true }),
     };

src/jetzig/http/Server.zig

@@ -162,13 +162,13 @@ fn renderHTML(
             };
             return request.setResponse(rendered, .{});
         } else {
-            return request.setResponse(try renderNotFound(request), .{});
+            return request.setResponse(try self.renderNotFound(request), .{});
         }
     } else {
         if (try self.renderMarkdown(request)) |rendered| {
             return request.setResponse(rendered, .{});
         } else {
-            return request.setResponse(try renderNotFound(request), .{});
+            return request.setResponse(try self.renderNotFound(request), .{});
         }
     }
 }
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ fn renderJSON(
 
         request.setResponse(rendered, .{});
     } else {
-        request.setResponse(try renderNotFound(request), .{});
+        request.setResponse(try self.renderNotFound(request), .{});
     }
 }
 
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ fn renderView(
     _ = route.render(route.*, request) catch |err| {
         try self.logger.ERROR("Encountered error: {s}", .{@errorName(err)});
         if (isUnhandledError(err)) return err;
-        if (isBadRequest(err)) return try renderBadRequest(request);
+        if (isBadRequest(err)) return try self.renderBadRequest(request);
         return try self.renderInternalServerError(request, err);
     };
 
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ fn renderView(
             };
         } else {
             return switch (request.requestFormat()) {
-                .HTML, .UNKNOWN => try renderNotFound(request),
+                .HTML, .UNKNOWN => try self.renderNotFound(request),
                 .JSON => .{ .view = rendered_view, .content = "" },
             };
         }
@@ -326,37 +326,117 @@ fn renderInternalServerError(self: *Server, request: *jetzig.http.Request, err:
     if (stack) |capture| try self.logStackTrace(capture, request);
 
     const status = .internal_server_error;
-    const content = try request.formatStatus(status);
+    return try self.renderError(request, status);
-    return .{
-        .view = jetzig.views.View{ .data = request.response_data, .status_code = status },
-        .content = content,
-    };
 }
 
-fn renderNotFound(request: *jetzig.http.Request) !RenderedView {
+fn renderNotFound(self: *Server, request: *jetzig.http.Request) !RenderedView {
     request.response_data.reset();
 
     const status: jetzig.http.StatusCode = .not_found;
-    const content = try request.formatStatus(status);
+    return try self.renderError(request, status);
+}
+
+fn renderBadRequest(self: *Server, request: *jetzig.http.Request) !RenderedView {
+    request.response_data.reset();
+
+    const status: jetzig.http.StatusCode = .bad_request;
+    return try self.renderError(request, status);
+}
+
+fn renderError(
+    self: Server,
+    request: *jetzig.http.Request,
+    status_code: jetzig.http.StatusCode,
+) !RenderedView {
+    if (try self.renderErrorView(request, status_code)) |view| return view;
+    if (try renderStaticErrorPage(request, status_code)) |view| return view;
+
+    return try renderDefaultError(request, status_code);
+}
+
+fn renderErrorView(
+    self: Server,
+    request: *jetzig.http.Request,
+    status_code: jetzig.http.StatusCode,
+) !?RenderedView {
+    for (self.routes) |route| {
+        if (std.mem.eql(u8, route.view_name, "errors") and route.action == .index) {
+            request.response_data.reset();
+            request.status_code = status_code;
+
+            _ = route.render(route.*, request) catch |err| {
+                if (isUnhandledError(err)) return err;
+                try self.logger.ERROR(
+                    "Unexepected error occurred while rendering error page: {s}",
+                    .{@errorName(err)},
+                );
+                const stack = @errorReturnTrace();
+                if (stack) |capture| try self.logStackTrace(capture, request);
+                return try renderDefaultError(request, status_code);
+            };
+
+            if (request.rendered_view) |view| {
+                switch (request.requestFormat()) {
+                    .HTML, .UNKNOWN => {
+                        if (zmpl.findPrefixed("views", route.template)) |template| {
+                            try addTemplateConstants(view, route);
+                            return .{ .view = view, .content = try template.render(request.response_data) };
+                        }
+                    },
+                    .JSON => return .{ .view = view, .content = try request.response_data.toJson() },
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return null;
+}
+
+fn renderStaticErrorPage(request: *jetzig.http.Request, status_code: jetzig.http.StatusCode) !?RenderedView {
+    if (request.requestFormat() == .JSON) return null;
+
+    var dir = std.fs.cwd().openDir(
+        jetzig.config.get([]const u8, "public_content_path"),
+        .{ .iterate = false, .no_follow = true },
+    ) catch |err| {
+        switch (err) {
+            error.FileNotFound => return null,
+            else => return err,
+        }
+    };
+    defer dir.close();
+
+    const status = jetzig.http.status_codes.get(status_code);
+    const content = dir.readFileAlloc(
+        request.allocator,
+        try std.mem.concat(request.allocator, u8, &.{ status.getCode(), ".html" }),
+        jetzig.config.get(usize, "max_bytes_public_content"),
+    ) catch |err| {
+        switch (err) {
+            error.FileNotFound => return null,
+            else => return err,
+        }
+    };
+
     return .{
-        .view = .{ .data = request.response_data, .status_code = status },
+        .view = jetzig.views.View{ .data = request.response_data, .status_code = status_code },
         .content = content,
     };
 }
 
-fn renderBadRequest(request: *jetzig.http.Request) !RenderedView {
+fn renderDefaultError(
-    request.response_data.reset();
+    request: *const jetzig.http.Request,
-
+    status_code: jetzig.http.StatusCode,
-    const status: jetzig.http.StatusCode = .bad_request;
+) !RenderedView {
-    const content = try request.formatStatus(status);
+    const content = try request.formatStatus(status_code);
     return .{
-        .view = jetzig.views.View{ .data = request.response_data, .status_code = status },
+        .view = jetzig.views.View{ .data = request.response_data, .status_code = status_code },
         .content = content,
     };
 }
 
 fn logStackTrace(
-    self: *Server,
+    self: Server,
     stack: *std.builtin.StackTrace,
     request: *jetzig.http.Request,
 ) !void {